This condition is considered a medical emergency since a blockage in the lungs is potentially fatal. If there is empirical evidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – or a massive PE – when you arrive at the hospital, your doctor may start treatment immediately. Once your temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory function have been addressed, treatment begins with anticoagulation therapy.

Preventing Further Clot Formation

When a blood clot blocks one of your pulmonary arteries, your doctor’s priority is to prevent it from growing, and prevent new ones from forming. He or she will administer anticoagulation drugs, such as warfarin and heparin. Both medications are given at the same time. Warfarin, in pill form, takes a few days to have an effect. Heparin, given by injection or intravenously, starts working immediately. It is discontinued soon after warfarin begins to take effect.

In cases of thromboembolism, warfarin is usually given for at least six months. This is done to minimize the chance of a recurrence.

The most significant risk with anticoagulation therapy is internal hemorrhage. The way in which these drugs interact with your body’s clotting system makes bleeding more likely. A preexisting bleeding disorder may serve to contraindicate this form of treatment.

Dissolving Existing Blood Clots

Your body’s clotting system includes a clot-dissolving mechanism. It will contribute to the dissolution of thrombi within the arteries of the lungs. In the case of a small PE caused by Yaz side effects that presents no immediate danger, your doctor may rely solely upon long-term anticoagulation therapy. With this approach, your body is permitted to gradually dissolve the obstructing thrombus on its own.

If, on the other hand, you experience a severe pulmonary embolism (i.e. one caused by a large thrombus), your body’s clot-dissolving mechanism may be inadequate. If your doctor suspects this is the case, he or she will administer one of several thrombolytic drugs.

The goal of thrombolytic therapy (often called fibrinolysis) is to dissolve blood clots. It is an aggressive approach used when an embolic event in the lungs threatens the patient’s life. It is also given to patients when a pulmonary embolism poses a high risk of causing significant lung damage.

As with anticoagulation therapy, fibrinolysis poses a high likelihood of bleeding. For this reason, your doctor will determine whether the benefits of using thrombolytic drugs outweigh the risks. As noted earlier, there are times when the patient suffers from a bleeding disorder that contraindicates the use of anticoagulants. When this is the case, and the PE poses no threat to the patient’s life, use of thrombolytics is also contraindicated.

Invasive Procedures To Resolve A Severe PE

If anticoagulants and thrombolytics cannot be given, and the arterial blockage in the lungs is severe, your doctor can use more invasive measures. One approach is a catheter technique called suction thrombectomy. A catheter is inserted into a vein – usually near the groin – and advanced to the pulmonary embolism. A saline solution is introduced into the blocked artery under high pressure. This draws the thrombus toward the catheter so it can be removed.

In rare cases, surgery may be required to retrieve a clot from the lungs. The procedure is called pulmonary embolectomy. Because it poses a risk of serious complications, it has largely been replaced with thrombolytic therapy and suction thrombectomy (when necessary). However, if the former approach is contraindicated and the latter is unsuccessful, your doctor may have little choice.

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A large pulmonary embolism can have severe consequences, including lung damage and death. Immediate treatment is recommended once the first signs present. If you have suffered from blood clots, PE, gallbladder removal or other serious Yasmin, Ocella or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim against the manufacturer. Contact a Yaz lawsuit settlement lawyer to discuss your case.

Yasmin, Ocella and Yaz birth control side effects involving gallstones will occasionally migrate further downstream in the biliary tract. They pass through the cystic duct into the common bile duct. Sometimes, smaller stones will pass into the small intestine, and eventually exit the body. Other times, they can become lodged within the common bile duct, and set the stage for infection. The infection is known as cholangitis.

How Yaz And Gallstones Contribute To Bile Duct Infection

When infection presents in the common bile duct, it is almost always due to an obstruction. While a blockage can be caused by a stricture or tumor, most diagnosed cases are attributed to gallstones.

Bacteria is believed to be present throughout the biliary system, including with the cystic, hepatic, and common bile ducts. Its colonization is controlled by your body’s antibacterial mechanism and the flow of bile fluid. When there are no biliary obstructions present, bile is able to flow unimpeded from the liver to the gall bladder, and onward to the small intestine. Thus, bacteria rarely has an opportunity to evolve into infection.

When stones become stuck in the bile duct, and prevent bile fluid from passing, bacteria is allowed to colonize the duct. A biliary obstruction impairs your body’s immune system, including its antibacterial mechanism. This allows bacteria in the duodenum (top portion of your small intestine) to gain access to the duct, and climb upward. With time (and without treatment), bacteria colonization turns into infection.

Secondary Conditions Caused By Cholangitis

Biliary infection seldom remains localized. It ascends the bile duct, and infiltrates the hepatic ducts. From there, it climbs toward the liver, where it poses a risk of damaging the organ. This marks the beginning of a potentially life-threatening condition.

If the infection is left untreated, it will eventually enter your bloodstream and spread to other areas of your body. This can lead to multiple organ failure. Your heart, kidneys, and lungs may begin to fail as bacteria overwhelms them. Septic shock and death can result in severe cases.

Retrieving Gallstones From The Bile Duct

Bile duct infection can be successfully treated with antibiotics. If it has spread to other organs, a more aggressive approach may be necessary. Once your doctor is confident your vital signs are stable, attention shifts to resolving the bile duct obstruction.

Yaz side effects caused by gallstones can be retrieved through a two-pronged procedure known as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy. The first stage, ERCP, involves inserting a fiberoptic instrument known as an endoscope down your throat. Your doctor will advance the instrument through your stomach toward the duodenum. A catheter is then advanced through the endoscope into the common bile duct. A contrast dye is introduced into the duct to help your doctor identify the location of the blockage.

The second stage, endoscopic sphincterotomy, involves passing a surgical tool through the endoscope to the sphincter of Oddi. This tool is used to make a cut into the valve. This widens the valve, and allows your doctor more room to retrieve the obstructing Yaz gallstones. Once the stones have been extracted, the instruments are withdrawn.

Yaz Gallbladder Removal Side Effects Help
Yaz and gallstones may present no symptoms or complications. The stones can remain silent within the gallbladder for years without causing medical problems. If they leave the organ, and form a blockage in the common bile duct, the stones can set the stage for biliary infection. Unless it is treated, the infection can become fatal. If you have suffered from gallstones, gallbladder removal, or other serious Yasmin or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim against the manufacturer. Contact an experienced Yaz lawsuit gallbladder lawyer to discuss your case.

Doctors can usually make a preliminary diagnosis of a stroke based on the event’s presentation. Moreover, if symptoms are obvious, your doctor may be able to identify which area of your brain has been affected. Such signs are inadequate for making a conclusive diagnosis, however. Thus, one or more of the following studies are typically performed.

Physical And Neurological Examination

A stroke can result in side effects that are mild or seemingly absent. This is often the case when the event affects functions that are seldom used. Your doctor – or a neurologist – can determine whether you have suffered a stroke by conducting a physical and neurological exam.

During the exam, you’ll be asked to perform several routine tasks, and answer a short series of questions. The purpose is to study how well your brain processes information, and transmits signals to the rest of your body. Your physician will be able to monitor functions related to speech and memory, as well as test your reflexes, balance, and coordination.

Blood Tests For Studying Coagulation Factors

Blood tests can be done to determine why stroke caused by Yaz side effects has occurred. Specifically, your physician will want to know whether you suffer from an existing clotting disorder. If your medical history shows no evidence of such a disorder, the level of coagulation factors in your blood may provide insight.

Common blood tests include a complete blood count (CBC), and testing for deficiencies in proteins C and S, both of which prevent clotting. Your doctor may also perform a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test, and examine the level of homocysteine in your blood.

CT Scanning To Rule Out Non-Stroke Disorders

A computed tomography (CT) scan is typically done early to identify whether your stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic. This test can also help your physician identify other abnormalities, including brain tumors and abscesses. For this reason, it is a valuable diagnostic study for ruling out conditions that are unrelated to stroke. It is quick, widely available in most hospitals, and unless a contrast dye is used, noninvasive.

Imaging Tests To Detect Carotid Arterial Blockages

While CT scanning can rule out non-stroke disorders, additional imaging studies can prove useful for narrowing the cause to blockages within the carotid arteries. One such test is a Transcranial Doppler ultrasound. It measures the rate of blood flow through the arteries of the brain and their branches. Areas where blood flow stops indicate an obstruction; areas where the velocity is greater than normal suggest narrowing.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can also be performed to identify occluded blood vessels in the brain. This test produces images that are much clearer than those produced by CT scanning. It can reveal blockages within minutes of the first symptoms.

Cerebral Angiography To Locate Clots

Once diagnosis of a stroke has been confirmed by performing the above tests, the location of the obstructing blood clots must be identified. While CT scans and MRIs provide useful information about the site of a blockage, its precise position might remain unknown. Here, a cerebral angiogram is invaluable.

A special contrast dye is introduced via catheter directly into the occluded carotid artery. This dye displays clearly on x-rays. Your doctor can examine the x-ray images to locate clots and other abnormalities, and ultimately, decide on an appropriate form of treatment.

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Yaz and stroke can result in lasting impairments – both physical and cognitive. Most stroke survivors require rehabilitation following the event in order to regain lost functions. If you have suffered from abnormal blood clots, stroke, or other serious Ocella, Yasmin or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation for your injuries. Contact a Yaz lawsuit settlements attorney to discuss your options. We are currently continuing to file cases for women throughout the United States and the first lawsuits are set to go to trial in 2012.

Gallstones form due to an elevated level of cholesterol secreted by the liver combined with reduced gall bladder contractions. These circumstances are believed to be caused, in part, by the hormones estrogen and drospirenone (a synthetic progestin). Both are released by the oral contraceptive into a woman’s bloodstream. If they lead to the development of stones, you may experience one or more of the following symptoms.

Upper And Right Abdominal Pain

Commonly called biliary colic, this is a specific type of pain that is present in the majority of women who have symptomatic stones. Once it occurs, it intensifies quickly, and persists for up to twelve hours. The pain typically subsides, but there is a high likelihood of subsequent episodes.

Biliary colic occurs as a result of stones that block either the cystic or common bile duct. When food arrives in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine), a hormone called cholecystokinin is released. This hormone causes the gallbladder to contract, which pushes bile fluid into the obstructed ducts. Stones prevent bile from passing, and thus fluid accumulates. This leads to distension of the gall bladder and ducts, resulting in a sharp pain in the upper and right abdomen.

The pain tends to occur following meals due to the contractions of the gall bladder. Eventually, the contractions cease, which reduces the pressure within the organ and ducts. This normally causes the pain to subside within a few hours. When it persists for several hours, there is a high likelihood that acute cholecystitis (described below) has developed.

Acute Cholecystitis

Acute cholecystitis is an abrupt inflammation of the gall bladder (as opposed to chronic cholecystitis, which is a long standing condition). It occurs when bile becomes trapped inside the organ due to a blockage in the cystic or common bile ducts. It becomes increasingly concentrated, and begins to irritate the inner wall of the gall bladder. At the same time, distension causes pressure to build within the organ, making it more susceptible to bacterial colonization. As bacteria increases, infection sets in.

Inflammation of the gallbladder triggers intense abdominal pain. If Yasmin side effects caused by gallstones have already blocked the ducts and caused biliary colic, it may be difficult to distinguish it from acute cholecystitis. As mentioned earlier, however, persistent pain that lasts for several hours is a reliable indicator.

Fever, Nausea, And Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting are common with both biliary colic and acute cholecystitis. In some cases, fever and chills may present due to bacterial overgrowth and severe inflammation of the gallbladder. At that point, the condition calls for an immediate medical response. If the organ and ducts are not drained of bile, the patient may potentially slip into septic shock.

Fistula Between The Gallbladder And Duodenum

Even when stones migrate into the cystic and common bile ducts, others may remain inside the gallbladder. If the organ’s wall has developed severe inflammation, these stones may cause it to erode by rubbing against it. This can lead to a channel (i.e. fistula) forming between the walls of the gall bladder and the duodenum. Contents of the former may spill into the latter.

If a particularly large gallstone passes directly into the small intestine, it can cause a bowel blockage (known as an ileus). This type of intestinal obstruction can become fatal.

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While gallstones are usually “silent” (i.e. absent of symptoms), they can cause severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea without warning. Even worse, they can lead to dangerous complications stemming from bacteria and infection. If you have suffered from gallstones, gallbladder disease, or other serious Yaz or Yasmin side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation. Contact an experienced Yasmin gallbladder settlement attorney to discuss your options.

Called clot-busting drugs (and sometimes, thrombolytics), fibrinolytics are an effective solution for treating Yaz side effects involving blood clots. But they pose serious risks. Below, we’ll explain how they differ from anticoagulants, and describe the medical emergencies they help resolve.

How Fibrinolytic Medications Differ From Blood Thinners

The term “blood thinners” is a misnomer. These medications do not technically thin the blood. Instead, they inhibit factors that contribute to your body’s coagulation system, and thus slow the process of clotting. This prevents existing thrombi from growing larger, and new thrombi from forming.

Known as anticoagulants, the most common are warfarin and heparin. Warfarin inhibits production of a clotting factor called prothrombin, which is converted into thrombin during the coagulation process. Warfarin accomplishes this by interacting with vitamin K, the stimulus of prothrombin production.

Heparin interacts with thrombin, which normally converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Fibrin strands provide the structural support for a clot. Thus, by preventing thrombin from stimulating this conversion, heparin can slow the rate of coagulation.

Fibrinolytic drugs work differently. Rather than preventing Yasmin side effects caused by blood clots from forming, they address those that have already developed. The medications are focused upon plasminogen, which converts into an enzyme called plasmin. This enzyme is instrumental in breaking down the fibrin strands that provide support for clots. It cuts into fibrin molecules, and causes the strands to dissolve. As this occurs, the thrombus deteriorates.

Serious Conditions Caused By Yaz And Blood Clots

Thrombi can form within the veins or arteries. Our focus here is on the veins, of which there are two main types: superficial and deep veins. Clots in the former present few, if any, major problems. Clots in the latter, however, are dangerous.

Blood clots that cause a deep vein thrombosis (usually in the legs) can break free of the venous wall. This is known as embolization. As emboli, they are carried by your bloodstream as it returns to your heart and lungs for oxygen.

Once emboli enter your heart, they can be pumped into your pulmonary arteries. These arteries supply blood to your lungs. If the clots cause a blockage, you will experience a pulmonary embolism as a portion of your lung tissue is deprived of blood.

In some cases, emboli that arrive in the right side of your heart can cross over to the left side. This may occur through a small hole in the interatrial septum (the wall that separates the two upper chambers). Once the clots are on your heart’s left side, they can be pumped into the aorta.

In the aorta, emboli can travel into the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the surface of your heart muscle. Here, a blockage will trigger a myocardial infarction (i.e. heart attack).

If, after being pumped into the aorta, the emboli pass by the coronary arteries, they may travel into one of your carotid arteries. These bring oxygen-rich blood to your brain tissue. An obstruction will cause an immediate stroke.

Potential Risk Of Fibrinolytic Drugs

The most significant risk associated with clot-busting medications is internal hemorrhage. These drugs can cause severe bleeding, which is the main reason doctors are hesitant to use them. If any of the conditions described earlier place your life in danger, however, treatment with thrombolytic therapy may be necessary. Otherwise, your doctor may choose to first administer anticoagulants, and monitor the results.

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Yasmin and blood clots are dangerous when they form in the deep veins because they can trigger one or more medical emergencies. Even if they remain attached to the walls of the deep veins, they can damage the one-way valves, and cause problems due to poor venous drainage. If you have suffered from abnormal clotting, DVT, pulmonary embolism, or other serious Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation. Contact a Yaz lawsuit attorney to discuss your options.

When Yaz side effects involving gallstones become symptomatic, the pain prompts most women to seek medical attention. Doctors will use one or more tests to diagnose the condition prior to starting treatment. These tests are described below.

Abdominal Ultrasound

An ultrasound study is considered essential for detecting stones inside the gallbladder. It is highly accurate, quick, and noninvasive (though it is less useful for detecting stones in the bile duct). For these reasons, it is usually the first test performed when you arrive at the hospital.

A small instrument called a transducer is passed over your abdomen. This device sends out high-frequency sound waves that penetrate the skin and bounce off your liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and bile ducts. They also bounce off gallstones inside the gall bladder. The sound waves return to the transducer, and create an echo signature. This signature is used by a computer to construct an image of the structures in your abdomen.

Abdominal X-rays

X-rays can be taken of your gallbladder, but visualization is limited without the use of a contrast dye. The dye may be taken orally (oral cholecystography) or via injection (cholangiography). X-rays display its movement as it is secreted by your liver, and flows through your biliary system. It’s worth noting x-rays are rarely taken if ultrasound is available.

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

If your doctor suspects problems in your biliary tract (in addition to Yaz and gallstones), a CT scan may be ordered. This diagnostic study is valuable for identifying gall bladder perforations, inflection in the common bile duct, inflammation of the pancreas, and other issues. It can be completed quickly and is noninvasive.

Traditional CT scans have largely been replaced with helical CT scanning since the latter provides much clearer images. Your doctor will have you lie flat on a narrow table, which is positioned in the middle of an x-ray tube. The x-ray machine rotates around your body and takes multiple images. These images are reconstructed to provide color-coded, 3-dimensional visualization.

Cholescintigraphy (HIDA Scan)

HIDA scanning is useful for detecting bile duct blockages, abnormalities in the gallbladder’s contraction activity, and related problems. The downside is that the test takes longer to complete than other diagnostic studies. In most cases, it will require at least one hour, and often two or three.

This test uses a contrast dye, which is delivered intravenously. The dye is secreted by your liver into bile fluid. A specialized scanner is used to monitor the flow of the contrast material as it moves through your biliary system toward the small intestine. If the dye fails to enter the gallbladder, it suggests the cystic duct is blocked, and the organ is inflamed. If the material enters the gall bladder, but is not pushed outward properly, it implies abnormal contraction activity.

A HIDA scan cannot display gallstones. Instead, it is used to detect problems that commonly stem from them.

Making An Accurate Diagnosis

It is important that your doctor is able to conclusively diagnose the presence of Yasmin side effects caused by gallstones before administering treatment. The reason is because the condition presents nonspecific symptoms. The pain and nausea that are characteristic of stones may be due to many other conditions. Some of them are life-threatening; all of them require different forms of treatment than that which is applied to stones. For example, symptoms may be caused by a myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, appendicitis, and gastric ulcers.

If gallstones present symptoms, hospitalization is necessary. Left unresolved, they can cause one or more serious medical emergencies. If you have suffered from gallstones, gallbladder disease, or other dangerous Yasmin or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation. Contact an experienced Yaz attorney to discuss your options.

A PE that causes a large blockage in the pulmonary arteries can be fatal – sometimes suddenly. Such cases, however, are rare. More commonly, blood clots enter the arteries and cause smaller obstructions in the individual branches. While these lesser occlusions are not immediately life-threatening, they are still dangerous. They can contribute to a heart arrhythmia that might eventually lead to stroke.

Pulmonary Embolism And Pulmonary Hypertension

When small blood clots restrict blood flow through the left and right pulmonary arteries, pressure rises within the occluded vessels. It also rises in the right ventricle (lower chamber of your heart). This occurs because the chamber is forced to work harder in order to push blood through the narrowed passageway of the obstructed artery. The condition is known as pulmonary hypertension.

One of the side effects of pulmonary hypertension is that the right ventricle suffers enormous strain. In order to cope with the increased pressure, the chamber becomes bigger, and its wall becomes thicker. This allows it to hold more blood, which it continues to pump aggressively to the lungs.

Eventually, the right ventricle becomes unable to pump against the elevated pressure in the blocked pulmonary arteries. The chamber fails. This defines a potentially life-threatening condition known as cor pulmonale. Though it can be treated, it may cause other dangerous complications.

When Pulmonary Hypertension Causes An Arrhythmia

The chambers of your heart contract rhythmically due to your heart’s electrical system. A small group of cells called the sinoatrial node produces an electrical signal, which travels across the atria (two upper chambers) and ventricles. As long as this signal moves in an orderly fashion, the chambers contract and pump blood properly.

When pulmonary hypertension (caused by a PE) leads to right ventricular failure, an arrhythmia may be triggered. The electrical signals that spread throughout the atria and ventricles are interrupted, causing an irregular heartbeat.

Some types of arrhythmias – including atrial fibrillation – prevent the chambers from pumping properly. The atria and ventricles fail to fully contract, which allows blood to remain inside them. This can cause clots to form.

The Danger Of Stroke

If blood clots develop within the left atrium or ventricle, they pose a risk of being pumped outside the heart. If this occurs, they will emerge in the aorta. This artery begins at the left ventricle, and ascends upward before arching downward toward the abdomen. At the top of its arch are the left and right carotid arteries. These blood vessels extend upward, and deliver oxygen-rich blood to your brain tissue.

Clots that exit the heart will be carried through the aorta by your bloodstream. When they approach the openings to the carotid arteries, they can migrate into them. If this happens, they will travel through the arteries until they reach a point where they form a blockage. An obstruction within one of the carotid arteries can trigger a stroke.

Note that clots that cause Yaz side effects involving a pulmonary embolism do not reach the brain. The pulmonary system is designed in a way that precludes this from happening. Instead, clots that find their way into the carotid arteries originate within the heart. This may occur due to an arrhythmia triggered by pulmonary hypertension, which in turn can be caused by a PE.

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Pulmonary embolism problems extend beyond chest pain and shortness of breath. They can lead to potentially fatal circumstances. If you have suffered from DVT, PE, stroke, or other dangerous Ocella, Yasmin or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim against the oral contraceptive’s manufacturer. Contact a Yaz lawsuit settlements lawyer to discuss your case at no cost or obligation and learn about the latest litigation updates and news.

Most stroke survivors require some level of rehabilitation. Its type and duration depend on the impairments suffered as well as their severity. We’ll describe the goal of rehabilitation, and the disabilities it seeks to address below.

The Goal Of Yaz Side Effects Stroke Rehabilitation

A stroke can result in impairments that are either physical or cognitive. They may be mild and barely noticeable, or severe. In the latter case, they may significantly reduce your quality of life. The main goal of rehabilitation is to help you regain functions that were lost.

In some cases, this involves retraining the brain – and thus, the body – to do things that were once easy. An example would be relearning how to brush your hair. If relearning how to perform a task is not possible, a therapist will help you learn an alternative approach. For example, if the Yaz stroke results in right-sided paralysis, you might need to learn how to brush your hair, drive, or perform your job, with your left hand.

The direction of therapy is governed by the type of impairments caused by the stroke. They vary based on the location of the arterial blockage in the brain.

Types Of Impairments That Result From A Stroke

Loss or impairment of motor functions is common. This can include paralysis that affects one side of your body (called hemiplegia). It can also include one-sided weakness (called hemiparesis). With some strokes, a blood clot may deprive the portion of your brain that influences your ability to swallow. This can make swallowing difficult, a condition known as dysphagia. Stroke can also affect your ability to walk straight, or balance yourself while standing.

Language deficits are also common. Known broadly as aphasia, these can impair your ability to speak or understand what others are saying. It also affects your ability to understand what is written. There are different types of aphasia that are categorized by their presentation. This is influenced by the lobe of your brain that suffered injury during the stroke.

Impairments to sensory perception are also found in survivors; they can present in several ways. For example, you may be unable to identify changes in temperature; you might lose the ability to feel pain; or you may be unable to recognize when someone is touching you.

Yaz stroke symptoms can affect your memory and cognition. This, too, presents differently based on the location of the brain injury. You may experience a deficit in your short-term memory; you might develop neglect of your affected limbs; or your brain may not accept or recognize your physical disabilities.

How Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Occurs

As mentioned earlier, the path to recovery depends on the Ocella, Yasmin or Yaz side effects stroke symptoms that present. For instance, a physical therapist will help you cope with motor function deficits; therapy might involve exercises designed to help you regain full motion of your affected limbs. If you suffer from a language disability, a speech therapist will help you relearn basic communication skills, or develop alternative ways to communicate. An occupational therapist will help you cope with sensory and memory deficits.

Even though a stroke is unlikely to be fatal, it can trigger lasting impairments that require rehabilitation. Survivors who develop severe deficits may require long-term care. If you have suffered from blood clots, stroke, or other dangerous Yasmin, Ocella or Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation for your injuries. Contact an experienced Yaz lawsuit attorney to discuss your options.

In most cases where symptoms present, the stones have migrated into the cystic duct, the route bile fluid takes on its way to the small intestine. They become lodged within this duct, and prevent bile from escaping the gallbladder. This leads to bile stasis inside the organ, which causes the wall to become irritated and inflamed. The inflammation triggers the abdominal pain characteristic of gallbladder disease.

In some instances, Yasmin side effects involving gallstones can migrate further downstream in the biliary tract. They move from the cystic duct into the common bile duct, and create a blockage. Bile once again is prevented from flowing past the obstruction. Below, you’ll learn why gallbladder removal surgery cannot resolve this condition. We’ll also describe the procedure used to retrieve the stones.

Why Gallbladder Removal Surgery Is Ineffective

The common bile duct is located below the gall bladder; it is connected to the lower end of the cystic duct. During cholecystectomy (surgical removal of the gallbladder), the cystic duct is severed, and the gall bladder is removed. The common bile duct is typically left untouched unless clinical findings have revealed a stricture or other condition that can be addressed at the same time. Hence, even though the inflamed organ is removed during the procedure, bile duct stones often remain.

A two-pronged approach is necessary to resolve Yaz gallbladder side effects involving gallstones that are present in the bile duct. This approach combines endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy.

How ERCP And Endoscopic Sphincterotomy Are Performed

The procedure is done while you lie on your side. A sedative is provided to minimize your discomfort. A long, thin, and flexible instrument called an endoscope is then introduced through the mouth. This instrument is equipped with a tiny camera and light on its tip. It is advanced down your throat, through your stomach, and passed into the top portion of your small intestine (called the duodenum).

A small valve called the sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile fluid from the common bile duct into the duodenum. When the endoscope has reached this valve, a catheter is pass through it. Your doctor will advance the catheter through the valve into the lower portion of the duct. Then, a contrast dye is introduced.

The purpose of the dye is to help your doctor visualize the inside of the duct, and detect stones that are causing a blockage. The dye displays on x-rays. Once the precise location of Yasmin side effects caused by gallstones has been identified, endoscopic sphincterotomy is done.

This stage of the procedure involves the extraction of the bile duct stones. To accomplish it, your doctor needs to widen the opening between the duct and the duodenum. A surgical tool is passed through the endoscope, and used to make a small incision into the sphincter of Oddi. An alternative method (known as balloon dilation) is to inflate a tiny balloon in the valve. The widened opening allows your doctor to retrieve the stones more easily.

Potential Complications From ERCP

Even though ERCP with endoscopic sphincterotomy is less invasive than conventional surgery, the procedure can lead to complications. For example, your doctor may accidentally puncture the bile duct, which will allow bile to leak outside the biliary tract. Your pancreas may become inflamed during the procedure, leading to pancreatitis. Bacteria and infection can also result due to poor biliary drainage. Each of these circumstances can become life-threatening unless they are resolved.

Gallstones do not always present symptoms. When they do, however, treatment is necessary to avoid dangerous complications. If you have suffered from gallstones, gallbladder disease, or other serious Yasmin side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation for your injuries. Contact a Yaz lawsuit attorney to discuss your options.

Stale bile fluid eventually irritates the wall of the gall bladder. At the same time, the organ becomes distended due to inadequate drainage into the cystic duct. These circumstances, combined with increasing bacterial proliferation, result in inflammation.

While infection is seldom present when Yaz gallbladder disease symptoms begin, it usually occurs if the condition is left untreated. As inflammation and infection become more pronounced, you may experience one or more of the following symptoms.

Pain Within The Biliary Tract

Biliary colic is pain in the upper right quadrant of your abdomen. The term is often used to refer to a “gallbladder attack,” but the two circumstances can be triggered by different factors. Biliary pain may be related to one of several clinical findings, including a high level of bilirubin, dilation of the cystic or common bile ducts, or distention of the gall bladder. The pain may last for as little as 15 minutes, or persist for several hours.

Symptoms associated with a gall bladder attack are more specific to the organ than biliary colic. They are triggered by inflammation and infection, which can lead to secondary complications, such as perforations and necrosis. Such attacks are more severe than biliary colic; the pain peaks quickly, and remains constant for up to twelve hours. It is severe enough to motivate most patients to seek hospitalization.

Nausea And Fever

Nausea and vomiting are common with both biliary colic and pain specific to the gallbladder. Fever occurs in some patients, and is occasionally accompanied by chills and sweating. It is usually low-grade (i.e. under 101 degrees Fahrenheit).

Fluid Accumulation And Thickening Of The Gallbladder’s Wall

When the gall bladder becomes inflamed due to bile stasis, it may begin to fill with fluid. This is, in part, what leads to the distention of the gall bladder. As the organ expands to accommodate the accumulating fluid, its wall thickens. This eventually leads to scarring, which impairs the organ’s ability to contract and push bile outward to the common bile duct. Meanwhile, the presence of infection causes pus to accumulate (a condition known as empyema).

Additional Signs Of Gallbladder Disease

There are several secondary indications of Yaz side effects involving gallbladder disease. They result from bile stasis, lack of bile flow, an elevated level of bilirubin, and other factors. For example, your urine may be darkly-colored and stools, lightly-colored. Yellowing may appear on your skin and in the whites of your eyes (known as jaundice). Abdominal fullness and persistent belching, especially after meals, is also common. If the inflammation of your gall bladder is severe, the muscles in your abdomen may become rigid.

These symptoms, as well as those described earlier, may decrease if gallstones cause a perforation in the gall bladder. Relief occurs because the perforation allows stagnant bile to leak from the organ into the abdominal cavity. But the relief is temporary since the leak will lead to abdominal infection.

Treating An Inflamed Gallbladder

When the gall bladder becomes inflamed and infected, doctors normally recommend its removal. This is usually done within forty-eight hours from the first signs of presentation, assuming surgery poses little risk. The procedure is called cholecystectomy. While it is common, there are serious risks involved. A small percentage of patients who undergo cholecystectomy suffer bile duct injuries. Most of these injuries stem from mistakes made by the surgeon, and if missed, must be repaired through a subsequent operation.

Yaz Gallbladder Class Action Type Litigation
Ocella, Yasmin and Yaz gallbladder disease symptoms can lead to dangerous complications if it is not promptly treated. Bile stasis, inflammation, infection, and the migration of stones in the biliary tract can cause life-threatening circumstances. If you have suffered from gallstones, gall bladder disease, or other serious Yaz side effects, you may be able to file a claim for compensation. Contact an experienced Yaz lawsuit lawyer to discuss your options.